Part 1
The First person who was credited for envisioning the internet was J.C.R. Licklide. He called it Galactic Network. This happened in August of 1962.

Part 2

1. HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. Its Abbreviation and or slang words for what the web pages purpose.  
2. The basic programs are  Microsoft's Notepad and or WordPad.
3. One program right now and its called PhotoShop.